From Auvours Plateau to Minister of Marine: Limitations of Auguste Gougeard as an Agent of Organizational Change in the French Navy 1870-1886

Authors

  • Chris Madsen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25071/2561-5467.1041

Keywords:

Battle of Le Mans, General Auguste Gougeard, Léon Gambetta, Marine française, naval reform, Vice Admiral Jean Bernard Jauréguiberry

Abstract

Following the Franco-Prussian War, the French Navy confronted the need for fundamental changes to its organization during the early years of the Third Republic. Auguste Gougeard - a naval officer, general, politician, and cabinet minister - pushed for naval reform through his published writings and advocacy, and eventually gained the opportunity to implement change when he became political head of the navy. But, the established naval leadership disliked his personal qualities, republican ideals, and non-consensus approach.  This article traces Gougeard’s military and political life, his role inside and outside the navy as an influencer, and relative effectiveness as minister of marine in Léon Gambetta’s brief republican government.  Complicated relations with the navy’s top admirals impaired acceptance of proposed organizational changes in the French Navy that delayed real progress.

Après la guerre franco-prussienne, la marine française fait face à des changements fondamentaux de son organisation au cours des premières années de la Troisième République. Auguste Gougeard - officier de marine, général, homme politique et ministre - a fait avancer pour la réforme navale à travers ses écrits publiés et ses plaidoyers, et a finalement eu l'opportunité de mettre en œuvre des changements lorsqu'il est devenu chef politique de la marine. Mais la direction navale établie n'aimait pas ses qualités personnelles, ses idéaux républicains et son approche non consensuelle. Cet article retrace la vie militaire et politique de Gougeard, son rôle à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la marine en tant qu'influenceur, et son efficacité relative en tant que ministre de la marine durant le bref mandat du gouvernement républicain de Léon Gambetta. Les relations compliquées avec les principaux amiraux de la marine ont entravé l’acceptation des changements organisationnels proposés dans la marine française, ce qui a retardé les progrês réels.

Author Biography

Chris Madsen

Chris Madsen is a Professor in the Department of Defence Studies at the Canadian Forces College and Royal Military College of Canada in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. (Contact: madsen@cfc.dnd.ca)

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Collector card distributed by chocolatier d’Aiguebelle depicting the Battle of Le Mans and the French attack at Auvours on 11 January 1871 with General Gougeard leading the charge.

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Published

2023-07-18

How to Cite

Madsen, C. (2023). From Auvours Plateau to Minister of Marine: Limitations of Auguste Gougeard as an Agent of Organizational Change in the French Navy 1870-1886. The Northern Mariner Le Marin Du Nord, 32(4), 463–488. https://doi.org/10.25071/2561-5467.1041