Traveller Impressions of Lake Champlain Steamboats, 1827-1842

Authors

  • Carolyn Kennedy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25071/2561-5467.920

Keywords:

steamboat, sidewheeler, Lake Champlain, Nineteenth Century, Vermont, Shelburne Shipyard

Abstract

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Lake Champlain became increasingly famous for its magnificent passenger steamboats. Not only were residents of the Champlain Valley filled with pride over these vessels, but the steamers earned international acclaim. This article presents primary source evidence describing Lake Champlain’s Golden Age steamers from local, regional, and international travellers’ accounts which describe the appearance and operations of these lake boats from the 1820s and 1830s. Despite travel diaries including problematic biases, this evidence fills gaps in our knowledge of the build of these steamboats left by the analyses of their archaeological remains.

Dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle, le lac Champlain est devenu de plus en plus connu pour ses magnifiques bateaux à vapeur à passagers. Non seulement les résidents de la vallée du lac Champlain étaient fiers de ces navires, mais les navires ont aussi acquis une renommée internationale. À partir de témoignages obtenus de sources primaires, cet article décrit les bateaux à vapeur de l’âge d’or du lac Champlain suivant les récits de voyageurs locaux, régionaux et internationaux qui traitent de l’apparence et des opérations de ces bateaux au cours des années 1820 et 1830. Malgré des carnets de voyage qui comportent des partialités problématiques, ces témoignages comblent les lacunes de nos connaissances sur la construction de ces bateaux à vapeur laissées par les analyses de leurs vestiges archéologiques.

 

Author Biography

Carolyn Kennedy

Dr. Carolyn Kennedy is Associate Director of the Center for Maritime Archaeology and Conservation and an Instructional Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology at Texas A&M University. Dr. Kennedy is currently co-directing the Gaspé Maritime Archaeology Project (2019-), while her past projects include the Shelburne Shipyard Steamboat Graveyard Project (2014-2016), and work on the CityPlace Schooner Project (2018), and the Alexandria Historic Shipwreck Project (2019-2020). (Contact: carolynkennedy13@tamu.edu)

References

Aske, Jerry Jr. From Steamboats to Subchasers: A History of the Shelburne Shipyard. Shelburne, Vermont: Red Barn Books, 2012.

Bentley, Jerry. “Travel Narratives.” World History Sources, A project for the Center for History and New Media, George Mason University, 2003-2005. https://chnm.gmu.edu/worldhistorysources/unpacking/travelscholar.html

Brown, Thomas S. Montreal Vindicator, 24 October 1837. 3.

Burlington (Vermont) Free Press, 16 November 1827. 4.

Burlington (Vermont) Free Press, 7 August 1835. 2.

Burlington (Vermont) Free Press, 13 May 1836. 3.

Burlington (Vermont) Free Press, 17 June 1836. 4.

Champlain Transportation Company Records from the University of Vermont Special Collections & University Archives, Collection A, Carton 1, Folder 178, “The Sale of ‘Phoenix’ and ‘Congress’ to Champlain Trans. Co., February 22, 1833.”

Champlain Transportation Company Records from the University of Vermont Special Collections & University Archives, Collection A, Carton 3, Folder 20, “Miscellaneous Papers Octover 17-November 3, 1836.”

Crisman, Kevin, Carolyn Kennedy, and George Schwarz. “Vermont’s Steamboat Pioneer: Captain Jahaziel Sherman of Vergennes.” Vermont History 86, no. 2 (2018): 125-161.

Dickens, Charles. American Notes and Pictures from Italy. London: Chapman & Hall, Ltd., 1913.

Hacking, Juliet. Photography: The Whole History. New York: Prestel, 2012.

Hall, Basil. “Travels in North America.” In Foreign Travelers in America 1810-1935, edited by Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., and Eugene. P. Moehring. New York: Arno Press, 1974.

Hemenway, Abby Maria. (ed.). “Lake Champlain.” Vermont Historical Gazeteer 1 (1867), 685-707.

Hillstrom, Kevin and Laurie Collier Hillstrom, Industrial Revolution in America: Steam Shipping. Santa Barbara, California: ABC CLIO, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216974529

Kennedy, Carolyn. “Shelburne Shipyard Steamboat Graveyard: Archaeological Investigation of Four Steamboat Wrecks.” MA Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2015.

Kennedy, Carolyn. “The History and Archaeology of the Lake Champlain Steamboat Phoenix II (1820-1837).” PhD diss., Texas A&M University, 2019.

Lange, Allyne H. “The Golden Age of Steamboats,” Hudson River Maritime Museum Pilot Log, 2010/2011.

Lathrop, Gideon. “Gideon Lathrop, 1805- Diary, 1827-1842.” Kinderhook, NY: Columbia County Historical Society, n.d.

Mariner’s Museum and A.J. Peluso, Jr. The Bard Brothers. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1997.

Ouellet, Fernand. “Brown, Thomas Storrow,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography volume 11, University of Toronto/University of Laval, 2003. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/brown_thomas_storrow_11E.html.

Pope-Hennessey, Una (editor). The Aristocratic Journey: Being the Outspoken Letters of Mrs. Basil Hall Written during a Fourteen Months’ Sojourn in America 1827-1828. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1931.

Ross, Ogden. The Steamboats of Lake Champlain 1809-1930. Burlington, Vermont: Vermont Heritage Press, 1997.

Stevenson, David. Sketch of the Civil Engineering of North America. London: John Weale, 1859.

Vermont Aurora (Vergennes, Vermont), 8 November 1827. 3

Vermont Aurora (Vergennes, Vermont), 6 December 1827. 3.

Wilkins, F.H. “Lake Champlain Steamers.” The Vermonter 21, no. 1 (1916): 13-16.

Yoseloff, Thomas (ed.). Voyage to America: The Journals of Thomas Cather. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961.

A 1909 postcard depicting the steamboat Franklin – part of a commemorative series featuring Lake Champlain’s early steamboats. (

Downloads

Published

2022-11-01

How to Cite

Kennedy, C. (2022). Traveller Impressions of Lake Champlain Steamboats, 1827-1842. The Northern Mariner Le Marin Du Nord, 32(1), 21–38. https://doi.org/10.25071/2561-5467.920